Gross worker flows are measured using the Worker Reallocation Rate:

`W\R\R_{agkst} =\ (A_{agkst} + S_{agkst})*(2/(B_{agkst} + E_{agkst}))`

where

• `A_{agkst} \equiv` accessions (new hires plus recalls)
• `S_{agkst} \equiv` separations (quits, layoffs, other)
• `B_{agkst} \equiv` beginning-of-quarter employment
• `E_{agkst} \equiv` end-of-quarter employment

`W\R\R` measures total accession and separation flows as a proportion of average employment over the quarter in the age, gender, industry and state. The `W\R\R` is a symmetric growth rate designed to approximate the logarithmic change over the time period (one quarter). In addition, the `W\R\R`, can be expressed as the sum of its inflow and outflow components, the distinct accession and separation rates are defined, respectively, as:

• `AR_{agkst} =\ A_{agkst}*(2/(B_{agkst} + E_{agkst}))`
• `SR_{agkst} =\ S_{agkst}*(2/(B_{agkst} + E_{agkst}))`

Accessions and separations satisfy the net job flow (`JF_{agkst}`) identity:

`JF_{agkst} \equiv \ E_{agkst} - B_{agkst} = A_{agkst} - S_{agkst}`